Data communication is the transmission of information via the network. This can be wireless or wired medium, such as optical fibers or copper wires or a computer bus. The electromagnetic signal that is used to transmit information can be variable in frequency and speed.

The transmission of data over long distances is perhaps the most difficult part of data communications. This is because signals traveling through long conductors are susceptible to noise or electrical distortion that could corrupt the original data.

Error detection plays an essential role in data communication successful data communication. This is accomplished by adding a checksum code to the data packets which make up an entire transmission, and then compare it to the total of all the individual packets after they reach their destination. If the sum that is derived is zero, then there are no errors have occurred during the data transmission.

To ensure the accuracy and reliability of data communication, it is important to maintain a high transmission rate. This can be accomplished by ensuring that the data transfers over a medium free from interference or by sending redundant information to avoid the loss of data due to intermittent interruptions.

Effective data communication is crucial for a wide range of applications, including traffic information, chat services, file downloads, and internet-based services. For example, traffic data communicates real-time estimations of traffic speed to drivers and passengers in vehicles on the road, which can aid them in making more informed decisions about their journey.